Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa. The country is on the Horn of Africa and is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa's mainland. In antiquity, Somalia was an important commercial center. During the Middle Ages, several powerful Somali empires dominated the regional trade, including the Imamate of Awsame, Ajuran Sultanate, the Adal Sultanate, and the Sultanate of the Geledi. In the late 19th century, Somali sultanates were colonized by the Italian and British Empires, who merged all of these tribal territories into two colonies: Italian Somaliland and British Somaliland. In 1960, the two territories united to form the independent Somali Republic under a civilian government. Siad Barre of the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) seized power in 1969 and established the Somali Democratic Republic, brutally attempting to squash the Somaliland War of Independence in the north of the country. The SRC collapsed in 1991 with the onset of the Somali Civil War. The Transitional National Government of Somalia (TNG) was established in 2000, followed by the formation of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia (TFG) in 2004, which reestablished the Somali Armed Forces.

सोमालिया, या आधिकारिक तौर पर संघीय गणराज्य सोमालिया, जिसे पूर्व में सोमाली लोकतांत्रिक गणराज्य के रूप में जाना जाता था, अफ़्रीका के पूर्वी किनारे पर स्थित एक देश है। इसके उत्तरपश्चिम में जिबूती, दक्षिण पश्चिम में केन्या, उत्तर में अदन की खाड़ी, पूर्व में हिन्द महासागर और पश्चिम में इथियोपिया स्थित हैं। अफ्रीका पर सोमालिया का सबसे लंबा समुद्र तट है, और यह मुख्यतः पठार, मैदानी इलाकों और हाइलैंड्स आदि से मिलकर बना हैं। मौसम की दृष्टि से, आवधिक मानसून हवाओं और अनियमित वर्षा के साथ गर्म मौसम, वर्ष भर में रहती है।