A novel is an extended work of narrative fiction usually written in prose and published as a book. The English word to describe such a work derives from the Italian: novella for "new", "news", or "short story ", itself from the Latin: novella, a singular noun use of the neuter plural of novellus, diminutive of novus, meaning "new". According to Margaret Doody, the novel has "a continuous and comprehensive history of about two thousand years", with its origins in the Ancient Greek and Roman novel, Medieval Chivalric romance, and in the tradition of the Italian Renaissance novella. The ancient romance form was revived by Romanticism, in the historical romances of Walter Scott and the Gothic novel. Some novelists, including Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, Ann Radcliffe, and John Cowper Powys, preferred the term "romance". M. H. Abrams and Walter Scott have argued that a novel is a fiction narrative that displays a realistic depiction of the state of a society, while the romance encompasses any fictitious narrative that emphasizes marvellous or uncommon incidents. Works of fiction that include marvellous or uncommon incidents are also novels, including Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, and Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird. Such "romances" should not be confused with the genre fiction romance novel, which focuses on romantic love.

साधारणत: अधिक लांबीच्या काल्पनिक, वास्तव किंवा मिश्र कथा असलेल्या गद्य लेखनास कादंबरी असे म्हणतात. मराठी भाषेतील कादंबऱ्यांनी मराठी साहित्याचा ठेवा समृद्ध केला आहे. कादंबरी हा शब्द भारतात सातव्या शतकात होऊन गेलेल्या बाणभट्ट नामक कवीने लिहिलेल्या ’कादंबरी’ या ग्रंथनामावरून आला. हा ग्रंथ म्हणजे जगातली पहिली कादंबरी. इंग्रजीतली The Tales of Genji ही पहिली कादंबरी ११ व्या शतकात लिहिली गेली.