गमछा या गामछा एक परम्परागत पतला, अपरिष्कृत, सूती तौलिया जैसा वस्त्र है। प्रायः 'चेक' जैसा डिजाइन है। प्रायः भारत, बांग्लादेश, पाकिस्तान, और अन्य दक्षिण एशिया और दक्षिण-पूर्व एशिया के गाँवों के लोग इसका विविध प्रकार से उपयोग करते हैं। इसका उपयोग शरीर को पोंछने, सिर पर बांधने, कमर में बांधने, कमर के नीचे पहनने, पसीना पोंछने, कन्धे पर रखने और विविध संस्कारों में होता है। एक क्षेत्र से दूसरे क्षेत्र में इसका रूप कुछ बदलता भी है। गाँव के पुरुष इसे 'धोती' की तरह भी पहन लेते हैं। ओड़िशा के आदिवासी क्षेत्रों के बच्चे तब तक गमछा पहनते हैं जब वे बड़े होकर धोती न पहनना शुरू कर दें।

Gamcha, also known as Gamchha, Gamucha, Gamusa and Angochha, is a rectangular piece of traditional coarse cotton cloth, sometimes with a checked design, worn as traditional headdress by men in the Indian subcontinent, mainly in Eastern India, Bangladesh, as well as in eastern Terai of Nepal. It also became bit popular in other cultures of India and now in what is known as Pakistan after the Indian partition, as well as various parts of South and Southeast Asia. The word "Gamcha" is Bengali word which comes from two very simple and commonly used Bengali words, (গা) ga which means "Body", and (মুছা) mucha which means "wipe". Literally translated, it means 'something to wipe the body with' however, interpreting the word gamcha as the towel is misleading. It is often worn on one side of the shoulder. Its appearance varies from region to region, and it has been traditionally worn as a scarf by the Odia men and Bengali men. Gamcha is also a headwear for Bengali men in Bangladesh. Gamucha was also mentioned in Odia Mahabharata by Sarala Dasa as part of the traditional dress of Odia men. Weavers of traditional tantubaya or jugi community migrated from Bangladesh to Tripura and weavers of Odisha produce good quality gamucha.