Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays, gamma rays, or similar ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation to view the internal form of an object. Applications of radiography include medical and industrial radiography. Similar techniques are used in airport security,. To create an image in conventional radiography, a beam of X-rays is produced by an X-ray generator and it is projected towards the object. A certain amount of the X-rays or other radiation are absorbed by the object, dependent on the object's density and structural composition. The X-rays that pass through the object are captured behind the object by a detector. The generation of flat two-dimensional images by this technique is called projectional radiography. In computed tomography, an X-ray source and its associated detectors rotate around the subject, which itself moves through the conical X-ray beam produced. Any given point within the subject is crossed from many directions by many different beams at different times. Information regarding the attenuation of these beams is collated and subjected to computation to generate two-dimensional images on three planes which can be further processed to produce a three-dimensional image.

विकिरण-चित्रण या रेडियोग्राफी, चिकित्सा प्रतिबिम्बन की वह तकनीक है जो दृष्य-प्रकाश के अतिरिक्त अन्य विद्युतचुम्बकीय विकिरणों का उपयोग करती है। इसमें मुख्यतः एक्स किरणों का उपयोग होता है। इस तकनीक में विद्युतचुम्बकीय तरंगों की पदार्थों को भेदकर निकलने के गुण का प्रयोग वस्तुओं के अंदर की स्थिति ज्ञात करने में किया जाता है। रेडियोग्राफी वस्तुतः असमान घनतत्व तथा संरचना वाली वस्तुओं को देखने का साधन है।