Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System. A gas giant, Jupiter's mass is more than two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined and slightly less than one one-thousandth the mass of the Sun. Jupiter orbits the Sun at a distance of 5.20 AU (778.5 Gm) with an orbital period of 11.86 years. It is the third brightest natural object in the Earth's night sky after the Moon and Venus and has been observed since prehistoric times. Its name derives from Jupiter, the chief deity of ancient Roman religion.

गुरुः(Jupiter) सौरमण्डले एव बृहत्तमः ग्रहः। सूर्यात् पञ्चमः ग्रहः अयम्। अनिलरूपिग्रहाः शनिः, अरुणः (युरेनस्), यमः (प्लूटो), गुरुश्च कदाचित् जोवियन्-ग्रहाः इति निर्दिश्यन्ते ।